Illustration of Type I and Type II errors.Ī statistical hypothesis is the researcher’s best guess as to what the result of the experiment will show. A summary of main statistical errors frequently encountered in scientific studies is provided below ( 6- 13): As a result, a large number of statistical errors occur affecting the research results.Īlthough there are a variety of potential statistical errors that might occur in any kind of scientific research, it has been observed that the sources of error have changed due to the use of dedicated software that facilitates statistics in recent years. Additionally, intentionally or not, researchers tend to draw conclusions that cannot be supported by the actual study data, often due to the misuse of statistics tools ( 5). As a result, it was suggested that statistical concepts were either poorly understood or not understood at all ( 3, 4). In a study by West and Ficalora, more than two-thirds of the clinicians emphasized that “the level of biostatistics education that is provided to the medical students is not sufficient” ( 2). Although scientists have understood the importance of statistical analysis for researchers, a significant number of researchers admit that they lack adequate knowledge about statistical concepts and principles ( 1). ![]() Developed in the last 20-30 years, information technology, along with evidence-based medicine, increased the spread and applicability of statistical science. A scientific study must include statistical tools in the study, beginning from the planning stage. Statistical analysis is a crucial part of a research.
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